Devops

Introduction Infrastructure as Code (IaC) is how modern teams build reliable systems. Instead of manually clicking through cloud consoles or SSHing into servers, you define infrastructure in code—testable, version-controlled, repeatable. This guide shows you practical patterns for Terraform, Ansible, and Kubernetes with real examples, not just theory. Why Infrastructure as Code? Consider a production outage scenario: Without IaC: Database server dies You manually recreate it through AWS console (30 minutes) Forgot to enable backups? Another 15 minutes Need to reconfigure custom security groups? More time Total recovery: 2-4 hours Risk of missing steps = still broken With IaC: …

Introduction Toil is manual, repetitive, automatable work that scales linearly with service growth. It’s the operational burden that keeps engineers from doing valuable engineering work. Reducing toil is essential for scaling both systems and teams effectively. What is Toil? Google’s SRE Definition Toil has the following characteristics: Manual - Requires human action Repetitive - Done over and over Automatable - Could be automated Tactical - Reactive, interrupt-driven No enduring value - Doesn’t improve the system Scales linearly - Grows with service growth Toil vs Engineering Work Toil (eliminate this): …